This is the stage where you get rewarded for the money, time and effort you put into growing the cannabis. Strong plants should have a heavy harvest and if cut down at the right time be potent and a good smoke.
All of the pistils on the plant should be brown before chopping and the trichome's should be milky or amber. You will need a fairly powerful micro scope at lest x5 to check the trichome's.
As you can see from the pic different colored trichome's produce different highs. you can also tell the ripeness by eye but its not as reliable. please see pics below.
The pic on the left still has long left you can tell buy the small buds and the white pistons while the plan on the right has brown pistons and big swollen looking buds. both pics are plants of the same strain.
Once the plant is cut down you will need to trim all the leafs off from around the bud and leave them to dry in a well ventilated room for up to 7 days if there is no air flow in the room the buds may become moldy and un smokeable.
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